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In his latest piece published by CNBC Indonesia, our consultant, Alman Helvas Ali, revealed that currently there are two main contenders for Indonesia’s submarine deal: France’s Naval Group and Germany’s ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems (TKMS). While Naval Group has offered offset and/or Transfer of Technology (ToT) programmes for the deal, including building the submarines in Indonesia, there is no indication yet that TKMS will proceed accordingly. M. Ali also argued that Indonesia’s submarine acquisition plan is facing a challenge due to budget availability.